.htaccess file

The .htaccess file provides the ability to further customize the web server and achieve the following goals like:

-Restricting access to sites;

-Redirect to another domain;

-Show your own error pages;

-Changing values in PHP directives.

Redirecting from one site to another

To redirect from one site to another, you need to add the following lines to the .htaccess file:

RewriteEngine on

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^(www\.)?from\.com$

RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://to.com/$1 [L,R=301]

where from\.com is the domain name to be redirected from and "to.com" is the  target.

However, escaping the dot character with a backslash \ in the second line is optional.

Redirect from HTTP to HTTPS

Redirecting from HTTP protocol to HTTPS protocol is done by adding  code to the .htaccess file:

RewriteEngine on

RewriteCond %{HTTP:HTTPS} !=on [NC]

RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.example.ru/$1 [R=301,L]

and vice versa, from HTTPS to HTTP:

RewriteEngine on

RewriteCond %{HTTP:HTTPS} =on [NC]

RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.example.ru/$1 [R=301,L]

Restricting and allowing access to the site from certain ip-addresses

To restrict access to the site from certain IP addresses, add the following to the .htaccess file:

Order Allow,Deny

Allow from all

Deny from IP

where instead of the substring IP you need to add the IP address for which you will need to restrict access, or a list such IP addresses separated by spaces.

If you want to allow access to the site only from certain IP addresses, for this you can add the following lines:

Order Deny,Allow

Deny from all

Allow from IP

where IP is the IP address to which access will be allowed, or a space-separated list of such IP addresses.

 Restrict access to certain files

Setting  access restrictions to some files is done by adding to the .htaccess file:

<Files FILE_PATH>

Order Deny,Allow

Deny from all

Allow from IP

</Files> Where the path _to_ the file must be replaced with the target file, and IP with the IP address where   will be allowed to access it.